Trouble Shooting Emulsion problems:

Manufacturing:

Problem:                                      Solution to Try

 

Emulsion Viscosity                   Increase binder content

too low.                                     Increase bitumen temperature ( check it is correct)

                                                  Use Cutback binder ( 3% kerosene)

                                     Add kerosene or diesel to soap at 1-4% (keep agitated)

                                                  Increase emulsifier concentration

                                                  Change emulsifier ( talk to VSS).

                                                   Use a thickener in soap or final emulsion

                                                   Add 10% crude to base bitu8men

                                                   Split emulsifier between bitumen and soap ( see VSS for details.

                                                    Add salt mixed with diesel fuel (40%) at 3% into bitumen.

                                                     Check pH.

 

Viscosity Too High                       Reduce binder to specification minimum.

                                                     Change emulsifier

                                                      Reduce emulsifier concentration.

                                                      Check pH

                                                      Add 0.1 % calcium chloride to soap ( based on total emulsion)

                                                      Add 0.1% common salt to emulsifier.

                                                      Check exit temperature

 

 Sieve Residue too high                 Increase emulsifier

                                                   Split emulsifier between bitumen and soap ( see VSS for details.

                                                    Check pH

                                                     check temperatures of soap and bitumen. Not too low

                                                      check exit temperature

                                                     Use Cutback binder ( 3% kerosene)

                                     Add kerosene or diesel to soap at 1-4% (keep agitated)

                                                   Use co-emulsifiers eg quats.

                                                    Check mill

 

Settlement too high                         Increase emulsion viscosity

                                                    Use Cutback binder ( 3% kerosene)

                                     Add kerosene or diesel to soap at 1-4% (keep agitated)

                                                   add 0.1% calcium chloride

                                                    Split emulsifier

                                                     Use some quat

                                                      Check pH emulsification temps check mill

Fails Storage stability:                   increase emulsifier

                                                       check pH

                                                        check pH emulsification temps.

 

Fails Low temp stability:                   check pH and temps

                                                          add kerosene

                                                           Split emulsifier

                                                            Add kerosene or diesel to soap solution 1-3%

 

Setting rate too low:                           reduce emulsifier

                                                           decrease pH

                                                            Add oleic acid or napthenic acid at 0.2% to bitumen

                                                      Split emulsifier

                                                       Change emulsifier

                                                       Add kerosene to binder 1-3%

 

Set rate too fast:                           Increase pH

                                                      increase emulsifier

 

Adhesion unsatisfactory/poor coating

                                                                Increase emulsifier

                                                                check pH

                                                                add kerosene to binder or soap.

                                                                Change emulsifier

                                                                 Add fatty amine or antistrip to bitumen.

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